Dogs are animals of integrity. We have much to learn from them.
Category: Culture
A talk at The Royal Institution.
Does your dog really love you? Can dogs understand human emotions? And what’s the history of dogs and scientific research?
Jules Howard, author of the book Wonderdog, speaks for nearly an hour about the cognition of these incredible animals.
P.S. Jeannie is certain I have posted something similar not too long ago. If that is the case then my apologies.
Three hundred plus pages of vital information.
I bought this book from Thriftbooks and was so fired up that I sat down and started reading it almost immediately. For as the back cover explains:
Climate change is profoundly altering our world in ways that pose major risks to human societies and natural systems. We have entered the Climate Casino and are rolling the global-warming dice, warns William Nordhaus. But there is still time to turn around and walk back out of the casino, and in this book the author explains how.
William Nordhaus
William Nordhaus is a brilliant economist as Fred Andrews describes above. Indeed he is the Sterling Professor of Economics at Yale University and he has his website here.
Now I am going straight to two videos.
The first is William Nordhaus receiving the Nobel Prize in 2018.
And the second is that lecture given at the same venue in 2018.
Hopefully you got to watch them both!
Brady!
Let me quote from a post on Ugly Hedgehog because it will make a good introduction to today’s Picture Parade.
We made our way to get a new pup. Before I could get to the litter to choose, one of them decided to walk over to me and sit right between my feet. Clearly he was telling me that he was the one. From the start he was comfortable with anything and anyone around him. No matter what the situation, it was his pleasure and he made it ours. He loved strangers and playmates of all kinds – even taking selfies with them. You could hide his toys anywhere and he had an amazing sense to find them. He was a gentle soul who enriched our hearts for nearly 14 years. Brady surrendered to a medical condition he endured for a couple of years without ever showing an ounce of complaint. Some days its tough to walk without him by my side, but no sympathy is needed because he left us with too much joy. Instead, give your pets the unconditional love they give you for as long as you are so blessed.
Chance Logan
oooo
oooo
oooo
oooo
Thank you, Chance!
A fascinating article in The Conversation.
I was very short of time yesterday so my apologies for going straight into this post. Plus, it is a post that talks about the learning process for dogs and, as such, looking more thoroughly will discover more material.
ooOOoo
Canines go to college in this class that seeks to give shelter dogs a fresh start
Associate Professor of Psychology, Saint Francis University
Published August 24th, 2023
What prompted the idea for the course?
When I was growing up, my love for animals led me to volunteer at animal shelters. But it wasn’t until I started teaching psychology that I found another way to support the well-being of shelter animals. During my first year of teaching a psychology course about learning, I realized that the course’s content could be used to train shelter dogs.
Since some shelter dogs display problematic behaviors, such as fearfulness, destructiveness and disobedience, they are less likely to get adopted. I wanted my students to use their knowledge, passion and care to train shelter dogs and improve their chances of finding a permanent home.
What does the course explore?
The course teaches students how to apply behavioral analysis and modification techniques toward the training of shelter dogs. Students work with dogs on learning to follow cues such as “sit,” “down,” “stay” and “come”; perform tricks such as “high-five,” and “roll over”; and complete agility courses made of tunnels, hoops and weaving poles.
The course also explores the emotional, psychological and physiological benefits of the human-animal bond, such as reduced stress, by integrating the dogs into educational and therapeutic environments. For instance, the students train the dogs to sit by them calmly for the entire duration of a lecture. This skill may be important for future adopters who work within an educational setting or need their dog to accompany them into the classroom.
The students also train the dogs to visit our clinical educational facility, the Experiential Learning Commons, which was built as a mock hospital. Within our simulated emergency room, intensive care room, patient room, maternity room and exam room, students train the dogs to walk next to simulated patients’ wheelchairs, sit by patients’ beds and provide them with affectionate and nurturing companionship.
Finally, the course instructs students on how to apply for grants for nonprofits, with the idea being to secure funding to support animal shelters.
Why is this course relevant now?
This course creates a collaborative and reciprocal partnership between a university and the community in which it is located. Focusing on the care for shelter dogs, it allows for faculty, students and a shelter’s staff and volunteers to exchange knowledge and resources. As such, it uses an instructional approach known as community engagement.
What’s a critical lesson from the course?
Working alongside our animal shelter community partners, and under the direction of my co-instructor, talented dog trainer Megan Mills, students learn that they can make a true and visible impact on society, one dog at a time.
What materials does the course feature?
Michael Domjan’s “The Principles of Learning and Behavior”
Cynthia K. Chandler’s “Animal-Assisted Therapy in Counseling”
“Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy,” edited by Aubrey H. Fine
What will the course prepare students to do?
Students will learn to use psychological learning principles to work effectively with shelter dogs – and this knowledge can later be translated to other domains of their lives. I believe that by training shelter dogs and learning to write nonprofit grant proposals, my students will develop into ethical and responsible citizens – both locally and globally.
Shlomit Flaisher-Grinberg, Associate Professor of Psychology, Saint Francis University
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
ooOOoo
Further to my introduction I want to explore the links in the article for I’m sure they have a great deal more to say about dogs.
The more that we explore what dogs mean to us humans the more I find out about the incredible qualities of Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris.
Jesse Anderson’s dog.
Back in mid-May I received an email from Jess. It said:
Paul, as of about two years ago I’ve been writing my life story. I wanted my kids and grandkids to know what it was like when I was a kid. Some of my best memories are times spent with my dogs. This is one story I wrote about Koko’s last hunt.
It was a lovely story and I have no idea why I have left it so long before publishing it. But here it is!
ooOOoo
Koko
By Jesse Anderson
When I was just a young boy, I was gifted a puppy that was a Chesapeake/setter cross. Because of his chocolate color, we called him Koko. Koko was my constant companion thru everything I did as a kid. When I was old enough to hunt, he was my bird dog, and a good one he was.
My family was a very poor one. Our house was about 750 square feet, and there were eight of us living in it. There were four boys in the same bed, and there was still room for Koko.
It just got too crowded in that little house, so in my junior year I went to the old barn and took over one of the calf sheds, turning it into my very own bedroom. It would be my very first one! I made a bunk, covered it with straw, swept the dirt floor and put an old rug on it, then hung some of my paintings on the walls. It was far from perfect, but Koko and I thought it was incredible. He slept, with me, inside my sleeping bag on the straw. No one was allowed inside unless they were invited.
With six kids and a disabled father, it took a lot to keep things going. We all worked in the fields, even at a very young age. When hunting seasons started, it was my que to get out there and put as much game in the freezer as I could. My mother had worked for a meat packing company, and when they bought new equipment, they gave us the old freezer. I tried my best to keep it full.
Koko and I were tied at the hip. When we hunted, even with others, he was always aware to my presence. Anytime a bird was shot, it was always brought back to me. I could control him with nothing more than a hand signal. Some of the best times I had, as a kid, were out in the field with that dog. He was my very best friend.
As he grew older his hips started going bad. One morning I got my shotgun out and headed for the car. He could hardly get up, whimpering as he tried. I decided to leave him behind, thinking it would be the best for him. I was very wrong.
For the entire day he sat in front of the window, waiting for my return. When I got home, I walked into the house with my days harvest, only to be met at the door by Koko. He stood very still, staring me right in the eyes, for a long time. Then he just turned and walked away. He said everything he wanted to say. I just felt terrible. I had let my best friend down. After that, if I knew his hips were bad that day, and some were worse than others, I would sneak out the back bedroom window before I left.
I went into the Army shortly after I graduated from High School. After basic, I came home, bringing one of the recruits from Guam with me. He got to see this wonderful dog in action. Again, I had to leave, this time being stationed in Alabama. A year later the Army thought I should be in Germany. I, once again, came home on leave. By this time, old Koko was completely deaf, couldn’t smell a skunk, and his eyes were failing. It really hurts me to see my dogs get old. That’s the only real fault they have.
I decided that I had to take him out for the last big hunt. I owed him that much after all the years we had together. I had to pick him up and put him in the car, but he knew we were going hunting, and the look on his face was incredible! Don’t tell me that a dog can’t smile. That smile said it all!
When we got into the field, he knew he couldn’t hear, and after every ten or twelve steps, he would look at me to see if he was doing what I wanted. A big rooster pheasant flew up and I shot it. Koko didn’t even hear the shot. When he looked up to get directions, I guided him right to the bird. You have never seen a happier dog in your life. He laid that bird at my feet and looked me right in the eye and had the hugest smile on his face. I knelt down to him and cried such happy tears, hugging him the entire time. I was so happy that I was able to bring such joy into that old man’s life.
That would be the last time I would see him. Germany kept me for another year and a half, and his age caught up to him. I was notified thru the mail that he had died. The vision that has stuck with me my entire life, and now I’m 76, is the look on that old dog’s face the day we had his last hunt. It could not have been planned better. JESS
ooOOoo
What a beautiful account of Koko.
Jesse is just a couple of years younger than me so I resonate with him. I still miss Pharaoh, my German-Shepherd, and he died in 2017. Dogs are incredible companions.
Jesse has his own website that is here. I share with you a little bit about Jesse from his website.
Born in Nampa, Idaho, Jesse Anderson has been doing artwork most of his life. There wasn’t a time, as a youngster, that he wasn’t sitting and drawing whatever his fancy was at the moment. He was given his first set of oil paints at age 11. In High School he was encouraged by his art teacher, Dorothy Long, to pursue art as far as he could go and they stayed in touch for the next 40 years. After high school, Jess went directly into the U.S. Army. Upon learning of his art abilities, Uncle Sam saw fit to put him in charge of the Battalion Training-Aids Department (aka, the art department). Following his discharge in 1968, he enrolled in Boise State College in hopes of getting a degree in Commercial Art. The College would only allow ONE art class the first year, and it was beginning drawing. This was not what he was looking for as the next step in his art career so he dropped out. Before leaving college, he met Cheryl, his wife of over 50 years. With Cheryl working as a bookkeeper to keep the bills paid, he enrolled in the “Advertising Art School” in Portland, Oregon where he graduated top of his class. He started his own commercial art business and his dream of making a living as a full time artist was in motion.
Perfect!
Just astounding!
I was looking for something else on YouTube and came across this 8:56 video of what the James Webb has seen.
ooOOoo
Every Stunning Image Captured By James Webb Space Telescope So Far
21 Jul 2023
The James Webb Space Telescope has completed its first year of science operations. In its first year, the $10-billion infrared space observatory challenged our understanding of the cosmos and showed the universe in a way no other telescope in the past could. In this video, you will find every James Webb Space Telescope image released so far: From the mesmerizing images of the planets of the solar system to the gigantic galaxies seen at the edge of time.
Sunday Discovery Series: https://bit.ly/369kG4p
COSMOS in a Minute Series: https://bit.ly/470VLL8
Music 1: Ambient Piano by LukePN
Music 2: Interstellar by Stereonuts
Created by: Rishabh Nakra
Images: NASA/ESA/JWST
ooOOoo
Not everyone’s cup of tea but for those that cast their eyes to the stars this was astounding!
What is the truth?
Today, August 14th, here in Southern Oregon we are expecting 111 degrees Fahrenheit or 43.8 degrees C. That is really hot! (And at home it reached 108 deg. F. at 3pm.)
So it seems pertinent to republish a post from The Conversation that was published on July 21st, 2023.
ooOOoo
Is it really hotter now than any time in 100,000 years?
Professor of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Northern Arizona University
As scorching heat grips large swaths of the Earth, a lot of people are trying to put the extreme temperatures into context and asking: When was it ever this hot before?
Globally, 2023 has seen some of the hottest days in modern measurements, but what about farther back, before weather stations and satellites?
Some news outlets have reported that daily temperatures hit a 100,000-year high.
As a paleoclimate scientist who studies temperatures of the past, I see where this claim comes from, but I cringe at the inexact headlines. While this claim may well be correct, there are no detailed temperature records extending back 100,000 years, so we don’t know for sure.
Here’s what we can confidently say about when Earth was last this hot.
Scientists concluded a few years ago that Earth had entered a new climate state not seen in more than 100,000 years. As fellow climate scientist Nick McKay and I recently discussed in a scientific journal article, that conclusion was part of a climate assessment report published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2021.
Earth was already more than 1 degree Celsius (1.8 Fahrenheit) warmer than preindustrial times, and the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were high enough to assure temperatures would stay elevated for a long time.
Even under the most optimistic scenarios of the future – in which humans stop burning fossil fuels and reduce other greenhouse gas emissions – average global temperature will very likely remain at least 1 C above preindustrial temperatures, and possibly much higher, for multiple centuries.
This new climate state, characterized by a multi-century global warming level of 1 C and higher, can be reliably compared with temperature reconstructions from the very distant past.
To reconstruct temperatures from times before thermometers, paleoclimate scientists rely on information stored in a variety of natural archives.
The most widespread archive going back many thousands of years is at the bottom of lakes and oceans, where an assortment of biological, chemical and physical evidence offers clues to the past. These materials build up continuously over time and can be analyzed by extracting a sediment core from the lake bed or ocean floor.
These sediment-based records are rich sources of information that have enabled paleoclimate scientists to reconstruct past global temperatures, but they have important limitations.
For one, bottom currents and burrowing organisms can mix the sediment, blurring any short-term temperature spikes. For another, the timeline for each record is not known precisely, so when multiple records are averaged together to estimate past global temperature, fine-scale fluctuations can be canceled out.
Because of this, paleoclimate scientists are reluctant to compare the long-term record of past temperature with short-term extremes.
Earth’s average global temperature has fluctuated between glacial and interglacial conditions in cycles lasting around 100,000 years, driven largely by slow and predictable changes in Earth’s orbit with attendant changes in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. We are currently in an interglacial period that began around 12,000 years ago as ice sheets retreated and greenhouse gases rose.
Looking at that 12,000-year interglacial period, global temperature averaged over multiple centuries might have peaked roughly around 6,000 years ago, but probably did not exceed the 1 C global warming level at that point, according to the IPCC report. Another study found that global average temperatures continued to increase across the interglacial period. This is a topic of active research.
That means we have to look farther back to find a time that might have been as warm as today.
The last glacial episode lasted nearly 100,000 years. There is no evidence that long-term global temperatures reached the preindustrial baseline anytime during that period.
If we look even farther back, to the previous interglacial period, which peaked around 125,000 years ago, we do find evidence of warmer temperatures. The evidence suggests the long-term average temperature was probably no more than 1.5 C (2.7 F) above preindustrial levels – not much more than the current global warming level.
Without rapid and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, the Earth is currently on course to reach temperatures of roughly 3 C (5.4 F) above preindustrial levels by the end of the century, and possibly quite a bit higher.
At that point, we would need to look back millions of years to find a climate state with temperatures as hot. That would take us back to the previous geologic epoch, the Pliocene, when the Earth’s climate was a distant relative of the one that sustained the rise of agriculture and civilization.
ooOOoo
It is difficult to know what to say other than one hopes that Governments and country leaders recognise the situation and DO SOMETHING!
As Dr. Michael Mann put it in the last issue of The Humanist: “The only obstacles aren’t the laws of physics, but the flaws in our politics.“
I have a son and a daughter in their early 50’s and a grandson who is 12. They, along with millions of other younger people, need action now.
Please!
A brilliant set of lovely photographs.
These photos were shown on the website Ugly Hedgehog by a user called ‘daldds‘. I sent daldds a private message asking if I could republish the photos and he said ‘Yes’.
ooOOoo
oooo
oooo
oooo
oooo
oooo
ooOOoo
Brilliant!
It is a rare family that is not touched by cancer.
My father died at the age of 55 from lung cancer. That was December 20th, 1956 and while he did not smoke he did have his regular cigar every Sunday afternoon. I suspect he may have smoked from time to time in his office. It was a tragic time for me and Elizabeth, my younger sister. Speaking personally I did not fully understand the personal implications until shortly after the 50th anniversary of his death: December 20th, 2006.
Tony is a keen blogger and he writes under the blog name of Wellness Secrets of a SuperAger. His latest post is 5 Things You Can Do to Prevent Cancer. I have pleasure in republishing Tony’s post below. Please read it!
ooOOoo
5 Things You Can Do to Prevent Cancer.
We all know that steering clear of tobacco is a crucial way to reduce your cancer risk. But there’s a lot more than you can do.
RUSH family physician Joyce Chen, MD, and clinical dietitian Kristin Gustashaw explain how we can make better choices to protect our health.
You may not realize it, but aging is a risk factor for cancer. The longer your cells are turning over, the more likely miscopying can happen. Though we can’t control aging, we can control the speed at which we age. “We know, in theory, we can kind of age ourselves faster or slower, depending on how much insult we give our bodies,” Gustashaw says.
Chen explains: “Lifestyle is key. So when you are concerned about cancer from external forces, it’s important to realize that you can actually do something about a lot of them.”
Here are some key lifestyle changes you can make to reduce your cancer risk.
Choosing not to use tobacco is one of the most effective forms of cancer prevention.
And it’s not just lung cancer that’s preventable either. By not smoking you can also prevent the following types of cancer:
Traditional cigarettes pose the biggest threat. But e-cigarettes, or vaping, also pose a risk of cancer. With cigarette smoking, the nicotine and tar can cause cancer. With e-cigarettes, you’re still getting the nicotine in your lungs but without the smoke and tar of regular cigarettes.
Since e-cigarettes are still relatively new to the market, the long-term health effects remain unknown, but they’re still potentially problematic.
“The vapor you’re breathing in has chemicals and particles, especially the flavored ones, that can damage or scar your lungs,” Chen says.
“It’s one of those lifestyle factors that I tell my patients, ‘We’ll do all we can as a provider to help you quit or at least cut down, but if you haven’t started, don’t start.’ Because once you start, it’s hard to stop; it’s an addiction.”
With alcohol, the main cancer mechanism is how it breaks down in our bodies. The ethanol in alcohol is metabolized through acetaldehyde, which is a poisonous byproduct and a known carcinogen.
After you drink, the alcohol is metabolized as acetaldehyde. It doesn’t stay around in our bodies for long because it gets further broken down into less toxic compounds, and then it’s eliminated in our bodies. That means the more you drink, the more you increase your risk for developing cancer.
“Acetaldehyde is a carcinogen that causes the cancer,” says Chen. “So when you’re drinking large quantities of alcohol then you’re going to build up acetaldehyde. And that buildup can accumulate in your saliva, your stomach acid and your GI tract.”
Alcohol also has a solvent property, which means it allows other carcinogens to get into our cells and wreak havoc. So, for example, if you smoke and drink alcohol together, alcohol’s solvent property helps harmful chemicals in tobacco get into the cells that line your mouth, throat and esophagus — putting you at a higher risk of developing oral cancers.
Nutrient absorption, specifically the vitamin folate, can also be affected by alcohol. Folate tells our body to stay healthy so alcohol inhibits its ability to pass that message on to the body.
“Alcohol also acts as an irritant to our bodies, specifically to the cells lining our mouths, throats and stomach cells,” says Chen. “When exposed to that irritant, your cells try to repair themselves, which could lead to your cells making mistakes and mutations that lead to cancer.”
Maintaining a healthy weight is another opportunity to reduce your risk for cancer. That means your diet plays a large role in cancer prevention.
A recent study in The Lancet Public Health revealed that younger adults (ages 25 to 49) in the U.S. are at an increased risk of developing obesity-related cancers. The study also reports that because of the obesity epidemic over the past 40 years, due in part to poor diet, younger generations have weight issues for a longer period of time than previous generations. This indicates that in the future, cancer may be more prevalent in this generation as they age into older adults.
According to Chen, carrying excessive weight is associated with increased risk for the following cancers:
In addition to a healthy diet, exercise can also help you maintain a healthy weight and keep cancer at bay.
In fact, a recent study published in Cell Metabolism found that exercise can reduce your chances of getting cancer by improving your immune system, lowering the risk of recurrence and slows cancer progression by reducing tumor growth and lessening the harsh effects of cancer treatment on the body.
Reducing your stress is key if you’re looking at trying to avoid or outlive cancer.
Yet another lifestyle factor you can control that prevents cancer is limiting ultraviolet (UV) ray exposure. Whether it’s natural UV exposure from the sun or artificial UV exposure from tanning beds, both put you at risk for skin cancer. UV exposure causes gene mutations that can cause cancer.
A tan is a result of your skin cells being damaged. There are also spray tans and lotions that don’t give you exposure to UV radiation but have other concerns. There’s a color additive in the spray tans and lotions called dihydroxyacetone or DHA. While DHA is FDA-approved for external application to the skin, with spray tans you could be inhaling some of that ingredient.
The FDA states that it shouldn’t be inhaled or applied to areas that are covered by mucous membranes. Mucous membranes are your lips, mouth, your nose, around your eyes and your face.
“Protect yourself in a spray booth by using eye protection like goggles, nose plugs or put lip balm on beforehand and try to keep your mouth closed to not inhale that ingredient. That would be a safer way to get that sun-kissed glow that everyone wants,” Chen says.
Also, don’t be fooled into thinking that a spray tan offers protection against the sun. Just because you think you’re getting a so-called base tan, you still have to use sunscreen.
With UV exposure, certain tanning salons might propose that it’s the UV rays that help your body get vitamin D. But UVB are the UV rays needed for the body to produce vitamin D.
“The majority of tanning bulbs are actually UVA rays so you’re not getting vitamin D from a tanning bed,” Chen explains.
Like alcohol, UV exposure also builds up over time. So, for example, if you start young and go frequently to tanning beds, that will put you more at risk for skin cancer.
Gel manicures can also pose UV exposure risk that increases your likelihood for cancer. UVA rays are used to dry or set the polish. But once again, it’s dose cumulative. If you regularly get gel manicures and you started in your teenage years, you may have a greater risk for developing cancer because you’re exposing your hands to UVA rays more often.
Chen recommends giving your nails a break by not getting this type of manicure week after week.
One of the best things you can do to help prevent cancer and other diseases is to see your primary care physician regularly.
“Try to prevent cancer by getting your routine care, your routine immunizations and your proper screenings,” says Chen. “It’s great that you are healthy, but preventive care/well visits are important because a lot of conditions, especially cancer, can be treated properly if we catch it early.”
All in all, your best strategy for cancer prevention, particularly for the external agents you can control, is to limit your exposures — or avoid them, if at all possible.
Gustashaw also cites the importance of stress management. “How you manage stress is associated with longevity. Stress itself is not directly associated with an increased risk of cancer, however, stress can often lead to unhealthy habits such as making unhealthy food choices, overeating, smoking, drinking and not exercising,” she says.
Gustashaw adds: “Reducing your stress is key if you’re looking at trying to avoid or outlive cancer and to live longer and healthier overall.”
Plenty of other opportunities for cancer prevention behavior also exist. A study from JAMA Internal Medicine found that participants with the following four lifestyle factors had approximately one-third less risk of developing cancer compared to those who had none of those lifestyle factors:
ooOOoo
So there we are. It is a long post but so important to us all.
Hoping to be back to normal!
July 20th was my last post. Here are some of my own photographs taken while Maija, my daughter, Marius, her husband, and Morten, their son were with us. That was after Alex, my son, had come to see us in June.
Here is Morten, who spent hours caressing and fondling Brandy, our largest dog.
oooo
His other passion was exploring for gold. We have Bummer Creek flowing through the property. It is called ‘Bummer’ because as the locals would have it there is no gold to be found. But that didn’t stop Morten spending time looking for gold!
And this is Maija (photo slightly out of focus).
The next photo shows Maija and Morten strolling along the creek.
oooo
Above a shot showing Marius and Morten looking for the illusive metal!
I close with the Morten and Marius hoping to see a trace of gold in the gold-pan, and Maija looking on.
My next post will be on Tuesday.
Learning from Dogs 
